Real result

$ php8.2 application/commands/console.php plugin index --target=checkCommandUrl
http://application/commands/console.php?r=survey/index&surveyid=123
http://application/commands/console.php?r=optout/tokens&surveyid=&token=abcd
https://example.org/console.php?r=survey/index&sid=489424&lang=en
$ php8.2 application/commands/console.php plugin index --target=checkCommandUrlSetHost
http://limesurtvey.example.com/subdirectory?r=survey/index&surveyid=123
http://limesurtvey.example.com/subdirectory?r=optout/tokens&surveyid=123&token=abcd
https://example.orghttp://limesurtvey.example.com/subdirectory?r=survey/index&sid=489424&lang=en

I don't have opinion if checkCommandUrlSetHost must use publicurl or not.

For checkCommandUrl : broken without error_reporting(0);
PHP Error[2]: Undefined array key "SERVER_NAME"
Must be avoided too

We have App()->createPublicUrl() for that. Have you tried it?

Maybe but createAbsoluteUrl still broken

createAbsoluteUrl is std for Yii.
I believe it is not aware of publicurl (which is something LS related).

I believe it is not aware of publicurl (which is something LS related).

It work in 3.X (and in 5.0)